Writing an Offer to Purchase Real Estate
Once you find the home you want to buy, the next step is
to write an offer – which is not as easy as it sounds. Your
offer is the first step toward negotiating a sales contract
with the seller. Since this is just the beginning of negotiations,
you should put yourself in the seller’s shoes and imagine
his or her reaction to everything you include. Your goal
is to get what you want, and imagining the seller’s reactions
will help you attain that goal.
The offer is much more complicated than simply coming up
with a price and saying, "This is what I’ll pay."
Because of the huge dollar amounts involved, especially
in today’s litigious society, both you and the seller want
to build in protections and contingencies to protect your
investment and limit your risk.
In an offer to purchase real estate, you include not only
the price you are willing to pay, but other details of the
purchase as well. This includes how you intend to finance
the home, your down payment, who pays what closing costs,
what inspections are performed, timetables, whether personal
property is included in the purchase, terms of cancellation,
any repairs you want performed, which professional services
will be used, when you get physical possession of the property,
and how to settle disputes should they occur.
It is certainly more involved than buying a car. And more
important.
Buying a home is a major event for both the buyer and seller.
It will affect your finances more than any other previous
purchase or investment. The seller makes plans based on
your offer that affect his finances, too. However, it is
more important than just money. In the half-hour it takes
to write an offer you are making decisions that affect how
you live for the next several years, if not the rest of
your life. The seller is going to review your offer carefully,
because it also affects how he or she lives the rest of
their life.
That sounds dramatic. It sounds like a cliché. Every real
estate book or article you read says the same thing.
They all say it because it is true.
Contingencies in an Offer to Purchase Real Estate
In most purchase transactions there may be a slight challenge
or two, but most things will go quite smoothly. However,
you want to anticipate potential problems so that if something
does go wrong, you can cancel the contract without penalty.
These are called "contingencies" and you must
be sure to include them when you offer to buy a home.
For example, some "move-up" buyers often agree
to purchase a home before selling their previous home. Even
if the home is already sold, it is probably a "pending
sale" and has not closed. Therefore, you should make
closing your own sale a condition of your offer. If you
do not include this as a contingency, you may find yourself
making two mortgage payments instead of one.
There are other common contingencies you should include
in your offer. Since you probably need a mortgage to buy
the home, a condition of your offer should be that you successfully
obtain suitable financing. Another condition should be that
the property appraises for at least what you agreed to pay
for it. During the escrow period you are likely to require
certain inspections, and another contingency should be that
it pass those inspections.
Basically, contingencies protect you in case you cannot
perform or choose not to perform on a promise to buy a home.
If you cancel a contract without having built-in conditions
and contingencies, you could find yourself forfeiting your
earnest money deposit.
Or worse
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