Most buyers do not have enough cash available to buy a
home, so they need to obtain a mortgage to finance the purchase.
Since you will probably make your purchase contingent upon
obtaining a mortgage, the seller has the right to be informed
of your financing plans in order to evaluate them. That
is one of the major reasons that financing details are included
in your offer.
Down Payment
As part of your offer, you will need to disclose the size
of your down payment. Once again, this allows the seller
to evaluate your likelihood of obtaining a home loan. It
is easier to get approved for a mortgage when you make a
larger down payment. The underwriting guidelines are less
strict.
Interest Rate
Another reason for including financing information in your
offer is to protect yourself. If interest rates suddenly
become volatile and rise quickly, as sometimes happens,
you may looking at a mortgage payment much higher than you
anticipated. By putting a maximum acceptable interest rate
in the offer, you are protecting yourself from such an occurrence.
At the same time, the seller will probably want to see
that you have some flexibility in the financing terms you
are willing to accept. If interest rates are currently at
eight percent and you indicate this is the highest rate
you will accept, you would be able to cancel the contract
without penalty if interest rates rose past that point.
The seller would suffer because they have lost valuable
marketing time and may have made their own plans based on
successfully closing the transaction.
Asking for Closing Costs and Financing Incentives
There may be times when, as part of your offer, you request
the seller to pay all or a portion of your closing costs,
or provide some other financial incentive. One common request
is asking the seller to provide funds to temporarily buy
down your interest rate for the first year or two. Such
incentives can be especially effective if a buyer is tight
on money or pushing their qualifying ratios to the limit.
Whenever you ask for incentives such as these, you will
probably find the seller less willing to negotiate on price.
After all, what you are really asking for is have the seller
to give you some money to help you buy their house. The
end result is that, for a little relief in the beginning,
you are willing to pay a little more in the long run.
Seller Financing
Another occasional request is to have the seller "carry
back" a second mortgage to help facilitate your purchase
of their home. In cases when the seller does not need all
the proceeds from their sale in order to purchase their
next home, this is an option. The advantage to the buyer
is that by combining your down payment and the second mortgage
from the seller, you may be able to avoid paying mortgage
insurance and save yourself some money.
If such a carry-back is part of your offer, you should
include the terms you wish to pay on such a second mortgage.
Keep in mind that your first trust deed lender needs to
know this information so they can underwrite your loan,
and they have certain minimum requirements. The minimum
term of the second mortgage can be five years. The minimum
payment can be "interest only." Longer mortgage
terms and payments that also include principle are also
acceptable.
Cash Offers
If you are one of those rare individuals making a cash
offer to buy a home, it makes sense to provide some documentation
with your offer that shows you have the funds available.
A bank statement would be fine. If you have to liquidate
stock or some other asset, your offer should give a timetable
on when you will provide proof you have converted the asset
to cash.
Other Financing Details in Your Offer
Your offer should also contain information on whether you
are obtaining a fixed rate or an adjustable rate mortgage.
It should also state whether you are obtaining conventional
financing or obtaining a VA or FHA loan.
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